Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the common name of chronic and recurrent inflammation of gastrointestinal tract with unknown etiology. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are two of the best-known types of IBD. Although exact etiologic cause is unknown for both diseases, it thought to be developed by a complex mechanism affected by genetic, environmental, bacteriologic and immunologic disorders. Diagnosis of IBD based on history, physical examination, laboratory, endoscopic, and histological findings. The primary goal of treatment is to induce and maintain remission of disease. Surgical treatment may be required in case of complications during the disease course.
Keywords: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, inflammation, Genetic, Endoscopy, Surgery